A Practical Theological Response To Human Trafficking In South Africa: A Salvation Army Perspective
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TextPublication details: Johannesburg, South Africa South African Theological Seminary 2018Description: 182p PDF A4 Abstract, TOC, Bibliography, AppendicesSubject(s): Dissertation note: Doctor of Philosophy in Theology (PhD) South African Theological Seminary 2019 Supervisor: Dr. Willem Semmelink Summary: This study seeks to discover how Christians should respond to the ever-growing internationalcrime of human trafficking. The reason for the research rests on two pillars: one being personal conviction and the other a professional concern for deep research, through a Salvation Army lens,into how the Church can be instrumental in reducing human trafficking around the world.The main question of the study is as follows: How should The Salvation Army respond to the crime of human trafficking in the South African context? The sub-questions enquire into the nature of human trafficking in South Africa, what the Bible says about challenging and responding to injustice, how the Church has responded to slavery in history and howspecificallyThe Salvation Army should respond to humantrafficking in the present day. Utilising the Loyola Institute of Ministry research design, this worklooks at what is known about historical slavery and present-day human trafficking in South Africa as the current situation. It glances briefly at the well-known case of Sara Baartman as an early example of human trafficking. Still looking into the current situation,qualitative narrative research is used to tellthe stories of five women (one a very young girl) who were trafficked in different ways and for different reasons. Their stories are arranged under specific headings toexplain how they were trafficked, how they met The Salvation Army, and how their situations evolved.Searching for the situation as it should be, this study presents aBiblical enquiry into the mission statement of Jesus as pronounced in Luke 4:16-21and asks the question of whether the mission of the Church is the same as the mission of Jesus. In a quest to build a bridge between the current situation and the situation as it should be, the study plots a way forward by means of a proposed Christian model of response to human trafficking, including the requirements for a response and key areas of a response. The result is a workable, practical and realistic way for the Church as a whole, and for individual congregations to have a positive impact as part of a modern abolition movement.
| Item type | Current library | Collection | Call number | URL | Status | Date due | Barcode | |
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Thesis
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South African Theological Seminary Online Resource | Electronic Holdings | Link to Resource | Available | 0000000010252 |
Doctor of Philosophy in Theology (PhD) South African Theological Seminary 2019 Supervisor: Dr. Willem Semmelink
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..................................................................................................................ii
ABSTRACT:........................................................................................................................................iii
CHAPTER 1: ENOUGH IS ENOUGH..............................................................................................1
1.Introduction.............................................................................................................................1
2.Motivation for the study.......................................................................................................2
3.Problems (Stated in the form of research questions)........................................................3
3.1.Main question..............................................................................................................4
3.2.Sub-questions.............................................................................................................4
3.3.Delimitations...............................................................................................................4
4.Literature review....................................................................................................................5
4.1.Research documents consulted regarding the situation in South Africa..5
4.2.Theological sources consulted..............................................................................6
4.3.Other sources on social justice and humantrafficking...................................8
4.4.Other relevant sources...........................................................................................10
4.5.The need for the research......................................................................................11
5.Research design..................................................................................................................11
5.1.The present reality...................................................................................................11
5.2.The preferred situation...........................................................................................12
5.3.Recommendations in the form of a model of response................................13
6.Chapter outline.....................................................................................................................13
7.Conclusion.............................................................................................................................15
CHAPTER 2: HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN A HISTORICAL AND SOUTH AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE..................................................................................................................................16
1.Introduction: People without choices............................................................................16
2.Defining historical slavery.................................................................................................17
3.A brief historical perspective on slavery in South Africa.........................................19
4.Sara Baartman –an early example of human trafficking..........................................20
5.Human trafficking: a form of modern-day slavery......................................................22
5.1Defining human trafficking....................................................................................22
5.2Was Sara Baartman trafficked?............................................................................26
5.3The difference between trafficking of people and smuggling of people...27
5.4Statistics.....................................................................................................................27
5.5Some findings of international studies..............................................................29
5.6Main findings of South African studies..............................................................31
5.7South African legislation and human trafficking.............................................33
6.The voice of the Church.....................................................................................................34
6.1.The voice of the global Church:...........................................................................34
6.2.The voice of the Church in South Africa............................................................36
7.The situation in South Africa today................................................................................38
8.Conclusion: Signs of hope................................................................................................38
CHAPTER 3: HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND THE SALVATION ARMY...................................40
1.Introduction: Looking back...............................................................................................40
1.1.Roots of social awareness....................................................................................40
1.2.The Maiden Tribute..................................................................................................41
1.3.Rescue shelters: Japan..........................................................................................43
1.4.Alida Bosshardt: The Netherlands......................................................................44
1.5.Sally Ann: Bangladesh...........................................................................................45
1.6.Calls to prayer...........................................................................................................46
2.Growing awareness.............................................................................................................47
3.The ROOTS movement.......................................................................................................48
4.The South African journey since 2007...........................................................................48
4.1.Initial awareness.......................................................................................................48
4.2.Initial training............................................................................................................49
4.3.Anti-human trafficking task team........................................................................49
4.4.Advocacy and publicity..........................................................................................49
4.5.08000-RESCU............................................................................................................50
4.6.Urban campout –a presence in the streets of Johannesburg.....................51
4.7.Beth Shan –care of survivors..............................................................................52
4.8.The conversation.....................................................................................................53
4.9.Addressing root causes.........................................................................................54
4.10.2010 FIFA World Cup..............................................................................................54
5.Conclusion: “Doing Something”.....................................................................................54
CHAPTER 4: NARRATIVES OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING.........................................................56
1.Introduction: Stories...........................................................................................................56
1.1.The importance of stories......................................................................................56
1.2.The use of qualitative narrative research in this study.................................57
2.These are their stories:.......................................................................................................59
5.6Main findings of South African studies..............................................................31
5.7South African legislation and human trafficking.............................................33
6.The voice of the Church.....................................................................................................34
6.1.The voice of the global Church:...........................................................................34
6.2.The voice of the Church in South Africa............................................................36
7.The situation in South Africa today................................................................................38
8.Conclusion: Signs of hope................................................................................................38
CHAPTER 3: HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND THE SALVATION ARMY...................................40
1.Introduction: Looking back...............................................................................................40
1.1.Roots of social awareness....................................................................................40
1.2.The Maiden Tribute..................................................................................................41
1.3.Rescue shelters: Japan..........................................................................................43
1.4.Alida Bosshardt: The Netherlands......................................................................44
1.5.Sally Ann: Bangladesh...........................................................................................45
1.6.Calls to prayer...........................................................................................................46
2.Growing awareness.............................................................................................................47
3.The ROOTS movement.......................................................................................................48
4.The South African journey since 2007...........................................................................48
4.1.Initial awareness.......................................................................................................48
4.2.Initial training............................................................................................................49
4.3.Anti-human trafficking task team........................................................................49
4.4.Advocacy and publicity..........................................................................................49
4.5.08000-RESCU............................................................................................................50
4.6.Urban campout –a presence in the streets of Johannesburg.....................51
4.7.Beth Shan –care of survivors..............................................................................52
4.8.The conversation.....................................................................................................53
4.9.Addressing root causes.........................................................................................54
4.10.2010 FIFA World Cup..............................................................................................54
5.Conclusion: “Doing Something”.....................................................................................54
CHAPTER 4: NARRATIVES OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING.........................................................56
1.Introduction: Stories...........................................................................................................56
1.1.The importance of stories......................................................................................56
1.2.The use of qualitative narrative research in this study.................................57
2.These are their stories:.......................................................................................................59
2.1.Maria............................................................................................................................59
2.2.Sophie.........................................................................................................................61
2.3.Christina.....................................................................................................................62
2.4.Jennifer.......................................................................................................................64
2.5.Celeste........................................................................................................................66
3.Analysing stories.................................................................................................................67
3.1.Texts as research units..........................................................................................68
3.2.“What if?”...................................................................................................................68
3.3.Three vital realisations...........................................................................................73
4.Conclusion: The ultimate story........................................................................................73
CHAPTER 5: THE MISSION OF JESUS AND THE MISSION OF THE CHURCH................75
1.Introduction: Searching for the heart of God...............................................................75
2.The voice of the historical Church on the issue of slavery......................................76
3.The Bible and slavery.........................................................................................................78
3.1.The Bible as advocate for freedom.....................................................................79
3.2.The Bible as accepting slavery............................................................................80
3.3.The Bible on who can be slaves..........................................................................80
3.4.God does not discriminate between slaves and free people.......................81
3.5.The Bible presenting a spiritual image of slave and master........................82
3.6.In summary................................................................................................................82
4.Jesus proclaims his mission............................................................................................83
4.1.The context of the passage...................................................................................83
4.2.The text of the passage..........................................................................................86
4.3.The content of the passage...................................................................................89
4.4.Jesus’ choice of the passage...............................................................................96
5.The mission of the Church................................................................................................98
5.1.What is the Church?................................................................................................98
5.2.What is the mission of the Church?....................................................................99
6.Conclusion: The ultimate mission.................................................................................105
CHAPTER 6: THE WAY FORWARD –RECOMMENDATIONS IN THE FORM OF A PROPOSED BIBLICAL MODEL OF RESPONSE TO HUMAN TRAFFICKING..................106
1.Introduction: Finding a way home.................................................................................106
2.A Christian response........................................................................................................109
2.1.Strengths..................................................................................................................109
2.2.Limitations and challenges.................................................................................111
2.3.Contribution: A model of response...................................................................112
2.4.Where to start?.......................................................................................................127
3.Conclusion: A new generation.......................................................................................129
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION -THE JOURNEY CONTINUES................................................130
1.Introduction: The one who didn’t make it...................................................................130
2.The questions.....................................................................................................................130
3.Lessons learned.................................................................................................................132
4.The need for further research.........................................................................................133
5.The vision.............................................................................................................................134
6.Conclusion: The hope.......................................................................................................135
Bibliography....................................................................................................................................137
Appendix A:The Salvation Army: positional statement, Southern Africa Territory..........150
Appendix B: International positional statement on human trafficking:...............................151
Appendix C: The Slavery Convention of 1926......................................................................157
Appendix D: Original statement by Dr Botha van Aarde......................................................161
Appendix E: Original text by Alida Bosshardt........................................................................162
Appendix F: Call to prayer, 2015.............................................................................................163
Appendix G: “Shop Window” awareness campaign........................................................164
Appendix H: Billboard, 2009...................................................................................................165
Appendix I: “The Dress” campaign, 2015...............................................................................166
Appendix J: Media Statement, January 2010........................................................................167
Appendix K: Red Card..............................................................................................................169
Appendix L: Excerpt from report on World Cup activities....................................................170
Appendix M: Text analysis on Luke 4:18................................................................................171
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